Chigadzirwa chekugadzira hydrogen cheelectrolysis chinosanganisira seti yakazara yemidziyo yekugadzira hydrogen yeelectrolysis yemvura. Midziyo mikuru ndeiyi:
1. Electrolyzer
2. Mudziyo wekuparadzanisa gasi nemvura
3. Sisitimu yekuomesa nekuchenesa
4. Chikamu chemagetsi chinosanganisira: transformer, rectifier cabinet, PLC program control cabinet, instrument cabinet, power distribution cabinet, host computer, nezvimwewo.
5. Sisitimu yekubatsira inonyanya kusanganisira: tangi realkali, tangi remvura rezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, pombi yemvura, bhodhoro renitrogen/bhazi, nezvimwewo.
6. Sisitimu yese yekubatsira yemidziyo inosanganisira: muchina wemvura yakachena, shongwe yemvura inotonhodza, chiller, compressor yemhepo, nezvimwewo.
Muchikamu chekugadzira hydrogen chemagetsi, mvura inosanganiswa kuita chikamu chimwe chehydrogen uye 1/2 chikamu cheokisijeni muelectrolyzer pasi pesimba remagetsi akananga. Hydrogen neokisijeni zvinogadzirwa zvinotumirwa kugasi-liquid separator pamwe chete neelectrolyte kuti zviparadzaniswe. Hydrogen neokisijeni zvinotonhodzwa nehydrogen neokisijeni, uye donhwe remvura rinobata mvura uye rinoibvisa, uye rinozotumirwa pasi pesimba rekutonga; electrolyte inopfuura nepakati pehydrogen, oxygen alkali filter, hydrogen, oxygen alkali filter, nezvimwewo pasi pesimba repombi yekutenderera. electrolyte inotonhorera mvura yobva yadzoserwa kuelectrolyzer kuti ienderere mberi neelectrolysis.
Kumanikidzwa kwesystem kunogadziriswa kuburikidza nesystem yekudzora kumanikidzwa uye system yekudzora kumanikidzwa kwakasiyana-siyana kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvemaitiro anotevera uye kuchengetwa.
Hydrogen inogadzirwa nemagetsi emvura ine zvakanakira zvekuchena kwakanyanya uye kusviba kushoma. Kazhinji, kusviba kuri muhydrogen kunogadzirwa nemagetsi emvura kunongova okisijeni nemvura chete, uye hapana zvimwe zvinhu (zvinogona kudzivirira chepfu yemamwe ma catalysts), izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira hydrogen yakachena kwazvo. Mushure mekucheneswa, gasi rinogadzirwa rinogona kusvika pazviratidzo zvegasi remagetsi reindasitiri.
Hydrogen inogadzirwa nemudziyo wekugadzira hydrogen inopfuura nemutangi rebuffer kuti igare yakasimba pakushanda kwesystem uye ibvise mvura yakasununguka muhydrogen.
Mushure mekunge hydrogen yapinda mumudziyo wekuchenesa hydrogen, hydrogen inogadzirwa nemagetsi emvura inocheneswa zvakare, uye okisijeni, mvura nezvimwe tsvina zviri muhydrogen zvinobviswa uchishandisa misimboti ye catalytic reaction uye molecular sieve adsorption.
Midziyo iyi inogona kugadzira sisitimu yekugadzirisa otomatiki yekugadzira hydrogen zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo. Kuchinja kwemutoro wegesi kunokonzera kushanduka-shanduka kwekumanikidzwa kwetangi rekuchengetera hydrogen. Chinotumira pressure chakaiswa patangi rekuchengetera chichaburitsa chiratidzo che4-20mA chotumira kuPLC uye Mushure mekuenzanisa kukosha kwekutanga uye kuita shanduko ye inverse uye kuverenga kwePID, chiratidzo che20~4mA chinobuda uye chinotumirwa kukabati re rectifier kuti chigadzirise saizi ye electrolysis current, nokudaro zvichizadzisa chinangwa chekugadzirisa otomatiki kugadzirwa kwehydrogen zvichienderana nekuchinja kwemutoro we hydrogen.
Midziyo yekugadzira hydrogen yemvura ine alkaline electrolysis inonyanya kusanganisira masisitimu anotevera:
(1) Sisitimu yemvura isina kubikwa
Chinhu chega chinoitika mukugadzirwa kwehydrogen nemagetsi emvura imvura (H2O), iyo inoda kuzadzwa nguva dzose nemvura isina kucheneswa kuburikidza nepombi yekuzadza mvura. Nzvimbo yekuzadzwa kwemvura iri pahydrogen kana okisijeni. Pamusoro pezvo, huwandu hushoma hwehydrogen neokisijeni hunofanira kubviswa kana huchibva musystem. Kushandiswa kwemvura kwemidziyo midiki i1L/Nm³H2, uye kwemidziyo mikuru kunogona kuderedzwa kusvika 0.9L/Nm³H2. Sisitimu iyi inoramba ichizadza mvura isina kucheneswa. Kuburikidza nekuzadzwa kwemvura, kugadzikana kwehuwandu hwealkali liquid uye alkali concentration zvinogona kuchengetedzwa, uye reaction solution inogona kuzadzwa nenguva. yemvura kuchengetedza huwandu hwelye.
2) Sisitimu yekugadzirisa matransformer
Sisitimu iyi ine midziyo miviri: transformer nekabhineti re rectifier. Basa rayo guru nderekushandura simba re 10/35KV AC rinopihwa nemuridzi wepamberi kuita simba re DC rinodiwa ne electrolyzer, uye kupa simba re DC ku electrolyzer. Chikamu chesimba rinopihwa chinoshandiswa kuodza mvura zvakananga. Mamorekuru ihydrogen ne oxygen, uye chimwe chikamu chinoburitsa kupisa, uko kunotorwa ne lye cooler kuburikidza nemvura inotonhorera.
Mazhinji ematransformer acho akafanana neoiri. Kana akaiswa mukati kana mukati memudziyo, matransformer akaoma anogona kushandiswa. Matransformer anoshandiswa mumidziyo yekugadzira hydrogen yemvura ine electrolytic itransformers dzakakosha uye dzinofanira kuenzaniswa zvichienderana nedata re electrolyzer yega yega, saka imidziyo yakagadzirirwa iwe.
(3) sisitimu yemakabati ekuparadzira magetsi
Kabhineti yekugovera magetsi inonyanya kushandiswa kupa 400V kana kuti inowanzozivikanwa se380V michina kuzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine mota dziri muhydrogen neoxygen separation and cleansing systems dziri shure kwe electrolytic water water production hydrogen equipment. Midziyo iyi inosanganisira alkali circulation mu hydrogen ne oxygen separation framework. Mapombi, ma water replenishment pombi mu assistant systems; heating wars mu omitting and cleansing systems, uye assistant systems anodiwa ne system yese, dzakadai se pure water machines, ma chillers, air compressors, cooling towers, uye back-end hydrogen compressors, hydrogenation machines nezvimwe zvishandiso. Power supply inosanganisirawo magetsi emwenje, monitoring uye mamwe masystem e station yese.
(4) sisitimu yekudzora
Sisitimu yekudzora inoshandisa PLC otomatiki yekudzora. Iyo PLC inowanzo shandisa Siemens 1200 kana 1500. Ine skrini yekubata yekubatana kwemunhu nekombuta, uye mashandiro uye kuratidzwa kwema parameter esystem yega yega yemuchina uye kuratidzwa kwerondedzero yekudzora zvinoonekwa pachidzitiro chekubata.
5) Sisitimu yekutenderera kwealkali
Sisitimu iyi inonyanya kusanganisira michina mikuru inotevera:
Hydrogen ne okisijeni zvinopatsanura - pombi yekutenderera kwealkali - vharuvhu - firita yealkali - electrolyzer
Maitiro makuru ndeekuti: mvura yealkali yakasanganiswa nehydrogen neokisijeni muhydrogen neoxygen separator inoparadzaniswa negas-liquid separator yobva yadzokera kualkali liquid circulation pombi. Pano hydrogen separator neoxygen separator zvakabatana, uye alkali liquid circulation pombi inodzoka. Alkali liquid inotenderera kuenda kuvharuvhu nealkali liquid filter iri kumashure. Mushure mekunge firita yabvisa tsvina yakakura, alkali liquid inotenderera ichienda mukati me electrolyzer.
(6)Sisitimu yehydrogen
Hydrogen inogadzirwa kubva kudivi re cathode electrode uye inosvika pa separator pamwe chete ne alkali liquid circulation system. Mu separator, nekuti hydrogen pachayo yakareruka, inozobva yaparadzana ne alkali liquid yosvika pamusoro pe separator, yobva yapfuura nemupaipi kuti iparadzwe nekutonhodzwa. Mushure mekutonhodzwa kwemvura, donhwe rekubata rinobata madonhwe uye rinosvika pakuchena kweinenge 99%, iyo inosvika pa back-end drying and cleansing system.
Kubvisa: Kubvisa hydrogen kunonyanya kushandiswa pakubvisa panguva yekutanga nekuvhara, kushanda kusina kujairika kana kutadza kuchena, uye kubvisa zvikanganiso.
(7) Sisitimu yeokisijeni
Nzira ye okisijeni yakafanana neye hydrogen, asi mune imwe nzira yakasiyana yekuparadzanisa.
Kubuda: Parizvino, mapurojekiti mazhinji eokisijeni anogadziriswa nekubuda.
Kushandiswa: Kukosha kwekushandiswa kweokisijeni kunongoreva chete mumapurojekiti akakosha, akadai semamwe mashandisirwo anogona kushandisa hydrogen neokisijeni yakachena kwazvo, senge vagadziri vefiber ye optical. Kune mamwe mapurojekiti makuru akachengetera nzvimbo yekushandisa okisijeni. Mashandisirwo ekushandisa kumashure ndeekugadzirwa kweokisijeni yemvura mushure mekuomeswa nekucheneswa, kana kushandiswa kweokisijeni yekurapa kuburikidza nesystem yekupararira. Zvisinei, kunatswa kweaya mashandisirwo hakusati kwawanikwa. Kusimbiswa kwakawedzerwa.
(8) sisitimu yemvura inotonhorera
Maitiro emagetsi emvura i-endothermic reaction. Maitiro ekugadzira hydrogen anofanira kupihwa simba remagetsi. Zvisinei, simba remagetsi rinodyiwa nemaitiro emagetsi emvura rinopfuura kubatwa kwekupisa kwedzidziso yemagetsi emvura. Kureva kuti, chikamu chemagetsi chinoshandiswa nemagetsi chinoshandurwa kuita kupisa. Chikamu ichi Kupisa kunonyanya kushandiswa kupisa alkali circulation system pakutanga, kuitira kuti tembiricha yealkali solution ikwire kusvika pa90 ± 5°C tembiricha inodiwa nemidziyo. Kana electrolyzer ikaramba ichishanda mushure mekusvika patembiricha yakatarwa, kupisa kunobva kwagadzirwa kunofanira kushandiswa. Mvura inotonhorera inoburitswa kuti ichengetedze tembiricha yakajairika yenzvimbo yemagetsi emagetsi. Tembiricha yakakwira munzvimbo yemagetsi emagetsi inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, asi kana tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, membrane yekamuri yemagetsi emagetsi ichaparadzwa, izvo zvichakanganisawo kushanda kwenguva refu kwemidziyo.
Mudziyo uyu unoda kuti tembiricha yekushanda irambe iri panzvimbo isingapfuuri 95°C. Pamusoro pezvo, hydrogen neokisijeni zvinogadzirwa zvinofanirawo kutonhodzwa uye kusanyoroveswa hunyoro, uye mudziyo wekugadzirisa silicon unodzorwa nemvura une mapaipi ekutonhodza anodiwa.
Muviri wepombi yemidziyo mikuru unodawo kubatanidzwa kwemvura inotonhorera.
(9) Sisitimu yekuzadza nitrogen uye kuchenesa nitrogen
Usati wagadzirisa dambudziko uye kushandisa mudziyo, sisitimu inofanira kuzadzwa nenitrogen kuti iongororwe kusimba kwemhepo. Usati watanga kushanda zvakanaka, gasi resisitimu rinofanirawo kucheneswa nenitrogen kuitira kuti gasi riri munzvimbo yegasi kumativi ese ehydrogen neokisijeni rive kure nenzvimbo inogona kutsva uye kuputika.
Mushure mekunge michina yadzimwa, sisitimu yekudzora inochengetedza kumanikidzwa otomatiki uye inochengetedza huwandu hwakati hwehydrogen neokisijeni mukati mesisitimu. Kana kumanikidzwa kuchiri kuwanikwa kana michina yavhurwa, hapana chikonzero chekubvisa kumanikidzwa. Zvisinei, kana kumanikidzwa kwese kwabviswa, kunoda kucheneswa zvakare. Kubvisa nitrogen.
(10) Sisitimu yekuomesa hydrogen (yekuchenesa) (sarudzo)
Hydrogen inogadzirwa kubva mumvura inobviswa hunyoro nechinhu chinoomesa chakafanana, uye pakupedzisira inosvinwa nesefa ye nickel tube kuti iwane hydrogen yakaoma. (Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemushandisi we hydrogen yechigadzirwa, sisitimu inogona kuwedzera mudziyo wekuchenesa, uye kuchenesa kunoshandisa palladium-platinum bimetallic catalytic deoxidation).
Hydrogen inogadzirwa nemudziyo wekugadzira hydrogen unoshandiswa pakugadzira electrolysis yemvura inotumirwa kumudziyo wekuchenesa hydrogen kuburikidza netangi rebuffer.
Hydrogen inotanga yapinda nemushongwe yekubvisa oxygen. Pasi pekushanda kwe catalyst, okisijeni iri muhydrogen inobatana nehydrogen kuti igadzire mvura.
Fomura yemhinduro: 2H2+O2 2H2O.
Zvadaro, hydrogen inopfuura nemumuchina wehydrogen condenser (unotonhodza gasi kuti riite utsi hwemvura mugasi kuti rigadzire mvura, uye mvura yakagayiwa inobuda yoga musystem kuburikidza nemuchina wekuunganidza mvura) yopinda mushongwe ye adsorption.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-14-2024
