Mupfungwa yakafara, electrochemical oxidation zvinoreva maitiro ese e electrochemistry, ayo anosanganisira electrochemical reactions dzakananga kana dzisina kunanga dzinoitika pa electrode zvichibva pamisimboti ye oxidation-reduction reactions. Maitiro aya anonangana nekuderedza kana kubvisa tsvina kubva mumvura yakasviba.
Zvichinyatsotsanangurwa, oxidation ye electrochemical inoreva maitiro e anodic. Mukuita uku, mhinduro ye organic kana suspension inopinzwa mu electrolytic cell, uye kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwe direct current, maerekitironi anotorwa pa anode, zvichikonzera oxidation ye organic compounds. Neimwe nzira, low-valence metals dzinogona oxidized kuita high-valence metal ions pa anode, iyo inobva yabatanidzwa mu oxidation ye organic compounds. Kazhinji, mamwe mapoka anoshanda mukati me organic compounds anoratidza electrochemical activity. Pasi pesimba remagetsi, chimiro chemapoka aya anoshanda chinoshanduka, kuchinja hunhu hwemakemikari e organic compounds, kuderedza chepfu yavo, uye kuwedzera kuora kwayo.
Kuoxidation kwemakemikari emagetsi kunogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: oxidation yakananga uye oxidation isina kunanga. Kuoxidation yakananga (electrolysis yakananga) kunosanganisira kubviswa zvakananga kwetsvina kubva mumvura yakasviba nekudzioxidation paelectrode. Maitiro aya anosanganisira maitiro eanodic necathodic. Maitiro eanodic anosanganisira oxidation yetsvina pamusoro peanode, zvichiishandura kuita zvinhu zvisina chepfu zvakanyanya kana zvinhu zvinoora, nokudaro zvichideredza kana kubvisa tsvina. Maitiro ecathodic anosanganisira kuderedza tsvina pamusoro pecathode uye anonyanya kushandiswa kuderedza nekubvisa halogenated hydrocarbons uye kudzoreredza simbi dzinorema.
Maitiro e cathodic anogonawo kunzi electrochemical reduction. Anosanganisira kutamiswa kwemaerekitironi kuti aderedze maion esimbi anorema akadai seCr6+ neHg2+ muzvikamu zvavo zve oxidation yakaderera. Pamusoro pezvo, anogona kuderedza chlorinated organic compounds, achiashandura kuita zvinhu zvisina chepfu kana kuti zvisina chepfu, zvichizopedzisira zvawedzera kuora kwawo:
R-Cl + H+ + e → RH + Cl-
Kuoxidation isina kunanga (indirect electrolysis) kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwemakemikari anogadzirwa nemagetsi kana kuderedza zvinhu sema reactants kana catalysts kushandura kusvibisa kuita zvinhu zvisina chepfu. Kuoxidation isina kunanga kunogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvemaitiro anodzoreka uye asingadzoreki. Maitiro anodzoreka (mediated electrochemical oxidation) anosanganisira kudzokorodza uye kudzokorodza kwemarudzi e redox panguva ye electrochemical process. Maitiro asingadzoreki, kune rumwe rutivi, anoshandisa zvinhu zvinogadzirwa kubva mumaitiro asingadzoreki emagetsi, zvakadai semakemikari ane simba akadai seCl2, chlorates, hypochlorites, H2O2, uye O3, kuti aoxide organic compounds. Maitiro asingadzoreki anogonawo kugadzira zvinhu zvine oxidative zvakanyanya, zvinosanganisira maerekitironi akagadziriswa, ·HO radicals, ·HO2 radicals (hydroperoxyl radicals), uye ·O2- radicals (superoxide anions), izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kusvibisa nekubvisa kusvibisa senge cyanide, phenols, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), uye S2-ions, zvichizopedzisira zvachinja kuita zvinhu zvisina njodzi.
Kana paine oxidation yakananga yeanodic, huwandu hwakaderera hwe reactant hunogona kudzikamisa reaction ye electrochemical surface nekuda kwemiganhu yekufambisa kwehuwandu, nepo muganho uyu usingawanikwe kune maitiro e oxidation asina kunanga. Munguva yemaitiro e oxidation akananga neasina kunanga, maitiro edivi anosanganisira kugadzirwa kwegasi reH2 kana O2 anogona kuitika, asi maitiro aya edivi anogona kudzorwa kuburikidza nekusarudza zvinhu zve electrode uye kudzora kunogona kuitika.
Kuoxidation kwemakemikari kwakawanikwa kuti kunoshanda pakurapa mvura yakasviba nehuwandu hwakawanda hwe organic, maumbirwo akaomarara, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoramba kusimba, uye ruvara rwakanyanya. Nekushandisa anodes ane electrochemical activity, tekinoroji iyi inogona kugadzira zvinobudirira oxidative hydroxyl radicals. Maitiro aya anotungamira mukuora kwe organic inoramba iripo kuita zvinhu zvisina chepfu, zvinoora uye mineralization yavo yakazara kuita makemikari akadai se carbon dioxide kana carbonates.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-07-2023
